The Impact of Nurse-to-Patient Ratio on Quality of Critical Care in Federal Medical Centre, Katsina State
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Background of the Study
The nurse-to-patient ratio is a key determinant of healthcare quality, particularly in critical care settings where patients require close monitoring and intensive medical interventions. Studies have shown that lower nurse-to-patient ratios improve patient outcomes, reduce mortality rates, and enhance overall care quality (Adeyemi & Hassan, 2023). Conversely, high patient loads per nurse are associated with increased errors, higher infection rates, and nurse burnout (Okafor et al., 2024).
In Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Katsina State, critical care units handle a high volume of patients with severe medical conditions. However, staffing shortages and inadequate nurse distribution may impact the quality of care provided. This study seeks to evaluate how the nurse-to-patient ratio in FMC Katsina affects critical care outcomes, nurse workload, and patient satisfaction.
Statement of the Problem
The growing demand for critical care services in FMC Katsina has raised concerns about whether the current nurse-to-patient ratio is sufficient to maintain high standards of care. Insufficient staffing can lead to errors, decreased patient monitoring, and longer recovery times (Muhammad & Tukur, 2024). However, limited research has been conducted on this issue within FMC Katsina.
This study aims to investigate the impact of nurse-to-patient ratios on the quality of critical care in FMC Katsina, highlighting potential areas for policy intervention.
Objectives of the Study
- To examine the current nurse-to-patient ratio in FMC Katsina’s critical care units.
- To assess the impact of nurse-to-patient ratios on patient care quality.
- To evaluate the relationship between nurse workload and patient outcomes.
Research Hypotheses
- A lower nurse-to-patient ratio improves critical care outcomes.
- High nurse workloads negatively affect patient care quality.
- Adequate staffing levels reduce nurse burnout and enhance care quality.
Definitions of Terms
- Nurse-to-Patient Ratio: The number of patients assigned to each nurse in a healthcare setting.
- Critical Care: Intensive medical care provided to patients with life-threatening conditions.
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